, Mobile (FUA), United States
City population: 431472
Duration: 2025 – ongoing
Implementation status: Ongoing
Scale: Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Project area: unknown
Type of area: Sea coast (e.g. dunes, beach)
Last updated: May 2025

The Lower Perdido Islands – Bird, Robinson and Walker Islands – are located in the Perdido Pass, in Orange Beach. The area is a popular destination, attracting many visitors due to its blue-green water and diverse wildlife, which, however, leads to erosion from boat wakes and marine debris. Its popularity impacts these wildlife habitats, including the seagrasses, marsh and forests which provide habitat for nesting birds and nurseries for local fish. Therefore, the Nature Conservancy, the City of Orange Beach, Moffatt & Nichol, and Olsen Associates Inc. started working together in 2017 to create a conservation management plan for the Perdido Islands, as well as develop some restoration initiatives to support this critical habitat for the future [1,3]. This Lower Perdido Islands' restoration project is part of a larger Perdido Bay Watershed restoration plan [2]

Lower Perdido Islands
Source: Anouk Fransen

Overview

Nature-based solution

  • Blue infrastructure
  • Coastlines
  • Coastal wetland, mangroves and salt marshes

Key challenges

  • Coastal resilience and marine protection (SDG 14)
  • Coastal protection / hazard mitigation
  • Marine and coastal biodiversity protection
  • Environmental quality
  • Waste management
  • Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
  • Habitat and biodiversity restoration
  • Habitat and biodiversity conservation

Principal problems in Functional Urban Area (FUA)

  • Environmental Degradation
  • Biodiversity loss
  • Soil degradation and loss
  • Poor water quality

Key priorities

Biodiversity (conservation and/or restoration)

Focus

Coastal landscape management or protection, Coastal ecosystems restoration and maintenance (mangroves, dunes, saltplains, underwater meadows), Improving coastal resilience, Ecological restoration of ecosystems, Restoration of wetlands (other types than peatlands and mangroves, e.g. seagrass), Restoration and protection of ecosystems (including water ecosystems), Protection of natural ecosystems, Protecton and enhancement of wetlands (other types than peatlands and mangroves, e.g. seagrass), Habitat restoration, Habitat conservation, Marine and coastal conservation initiatives, Knowledge creation and awareness raising, Educational and awareness raising programs, Monitoring and maintenance of habitats and/or biodiversity, Habitat mapping, restoration and monitoring-focused management

Project objectives

The Lower Perdido Islands project aims to restore wildlife habitat on the islands while maintaining their recreational function. This includes restoring and sustaining marsh, forest, and seagrass habitats, which are home to a rich diversity of wildlife, including shorebirds and wading birds such as brown pelicans and great blue herons [1]. Specific goals include: - Create a conservation management plan for the Lower Perdido Islands (Bird, Robinson, and Walker Islands). - Develop restoration initiatives to support critical wildlife habitats. - Address erosion caused by boat wakes and marine debris. - Protect and restore habitats such as seagrasses, marshes, and forests. - Preserve nesting sites for birds and nurseries for local fish. - Contribute to the broader Perdido Bay Watershed restoration plan.

Implementation activities

In order to restore and sustain the islands' critical habitat, the project has multiple habitat restoration initiatives. This includes planting trees and shrubs for nesting birds, creating buffer areas for wildlife without human presence, and signs to raise awareness on the habitats, such as signs indicating seagrass. Alongside restoring habitat, they also aim to raise public awareness of the already existing regulations and the importance of the habitats on the islands. The habitat restoration actions will take place on Walker Island and Robinson Island. On Robinson Island, the focus is on restoring/creating three acres of degraded marsh (i.e. by including a thin layer of sediment) and creating four acres of dune habitat to reduce erosion. On Walker Island, restoration placement areas will be created, including marsh habitat, upland habitat and subtidal shoal habitat, while in the west area, marsh habitat will be restored, and dune and shrub habitat that has been lost over the years will be restored [1].
Communities vulnerable to environmental hazards or climate change impacts
Yes

Specification of climate or environmentally vulnerable communities

Coastal communities

Biodiversity conservation or restoration-focused activities

Biodiversity conservation:

  • Protect and enhance urban habitats
  • Preserve and strengthen existing habitats and ecosystems
  • Reduce negative impacts and avoid the alteration/damage of ecosystem
  • Protect species
  • Undertake specific measures to protect species
  • Undertake specific measures to protect native species
  • Undertake specific measures to protect valued species
  • Means for conservation governance
  • Raise public awareness

Biodiversity restoration:

  • Rehabilitate and restore damaged or destroyed ecosystems
  • Restore species (native, endangered, or unspecified)
  • Restore valued species
  • Public engagement

Main beneficiaries

  • Local government/Municipality
  • Non-government organisation/Civil Society
  • Private sector/Corporate/Company
  • Coastal-dependent communities (e.g. small-scale fishers, coastal farmers, and indigenous peoples)
  • Marginalized groups: Indigenous communities

Governance

Management set-up

  • Co-governance with government and non-government actors

Type of initiating organisation

  • Non-government organisation/civil society

Participatory approaches/ community involvement

  • Co-planning (e.g. stakeholder workshops, focus groups, participatory mapping)
  • Deliberative decision-making processes (e.g., consensus building, deliberative polling)
  • Dissemination of information and education
  • Consultation (e.g. workshop, surveys, community meetings, town halls)
  • Joint implementation (e.g. tree planting)
  • Co-management/Joint management

Details on the roles of the organisations involved in the project

The Nature Conservancy, the City of Orange Beach, Moffatt & Nichol, Olsen Associates Inc, started working together in 2017.

Project implemented in response to ...

... an EU policy or strategy? Unknown
... a national policy or strategy? Unknown
... a local policy or strategy? Yes (The conservation management plan they created together.)

Type of enablers

Unknown

Financing

Total cost

More than €4,000,000

Source(s) of funding

  • Public national budget

Type of funding

  • Earmarked public budget

Non-financial contribution

Type of non-financial contribution
  • Provision of labour
Who provided the non-financial contribution?
  • Citizens (e.g. volunteering)

Impacts and Monitoring

Environmental impacts

  • Climate change
  • Storm / wave induced erosion and flooding
  • Expected storm / wave induced erosion and flooding
  • Enhanced protection against extreme weather events (e.g. storms, cyclones, tidal surges, coastal erosion)
  • Expected enhanced protection against extreme weather events (e.g. storms, cyclones, tidal surges, coastal erosion)
  • Environmental quality
  • Improved waste management
  • Expected improved waste management
  • Water management and blue areas
  • Enhanced protection and restoration of coastal and marine ecosystems
  • Expected enhanced protection and restoration of coastal and marine ecosystems
  • Green space and habitat
  • Increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems
  • Expected increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems
  • Reduced biodiversity loss
  • Expected reduced biodiversity loss
  • Reduced human-wildlife conflicts
  • Expected reduced human-wildlife conflicts

Economic impacts

  • Increase of green jobs (e.g. paid employment positions)
  • Expected increase of green jobs (e.g. paid employment positions)
  • Generation of other type of work opportunities (e.g. voluntary, work for rehabilitation)
  • Expected generation of other type of work opportunities (e.g. voluntary, work for rehabilitation)
  • More sustainable tourism
  • Expected more sustainable tourism

Socio-cultural impacts

  • Cultural heritage and sense of place
  • Increased awareness of flora and fauna as culturally and historically meaningful
  • Expected increased awareness of flora and fauna as culturally and historically meaningful
  • Increased appreciation for natural spaces
  • Expected increased appreciation for natural spaces
  • Education
  • Increased knowledge of locals about local nature
  • Expected increased knowledge of locals about local nature
  • Safety
  • Improved community safety to climate-related hazards
  • Expected improved community safety to climate-related hazards

Type of reported impacts

Presence of formal monitoring system

Yes

Presence of indicators used in reporting

No evidence in public records

Presence of monitoring/ evaluation reports

No evidence in public records

Availability of a web-based monitoring tool

No evidence in public records

Potential risks of implementation and trade-offs

Unknown

References

Walker Island before and after restoration
Source: Moffatt and Nichol. Link: https://gulfcoastmedia.com/stories/robinson-and-walker-islands-restoration-to-begin-soon-at-orange-beachs-perdido-pass,247980#//
naturescapes bannerInformation about this nature-based solution was collected as part of the Naturescapes project funded by the European Union under Grant Agreement No 101084341.