Milano, Italy
City population: 3063361
Duration: 2016 – ongoing
Implementation status: Completed
Scale: Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Project area: 100000 m2
Type of area: Residential, Central Business District / City Centre
Last updated: April 2022

The park will have a surface of 100.000 sqm. It is designed to be the beating heart between municipality offices, fashion and culture related buildings, vital train connections and residential areas. The paths generate a mosaic of irregular plots. Each with specific groups of plant species, grasses or lawn. Circular tree groupings are superimposed on these plots, and together they will form a botanic library. The vegetal patches alternate with water and hard materials, thus creating a series of public spaces that house cultural and recreational program (1).

Library of Trees (2018)
Anna Koster-van Dorp, retrieved 07/19/2018

Overview

Nature-based solution

  • Parks and urban forests
  • Large urban parks or forests
  • Botanical gardens
  • Other

Key challenges

  • Climate action for adaptation, resilience and mitigation (SDG 13)
  • Climate change adaptation
  • Environmental quality
  • Air quality improvement
  • Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
  • Habitat and biodiversity restoration
  • Habitat and biodiversity conservation
  • Green space creation and/or management
  • Regeneration, land-use and urban development
  • Regulation of built environment
  • Cultural heritage and cultural diversity
  • Preservation of natural heritage
  • Protection of historic and cultural landscape/infrastructure
  • Promotion of cultural diversity
  • Preservation of historic traditions
  • Health and well-being (SDG 3)
  • Enabling opportunities for physical activity
  • Creation of opportunities for recreation
  • Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10)
  • Social cohesion
  • Social interaction
  • Environmental education

Focus

Creation of new green areas, Other

Project objectives

- creating a system of connections between the different urban realities surrounding the area: residences, offices and services, which will be strengthened both by the new centrality of the park and by the network of paths that link the edges in a timely and direct way, linking the Differences Altimeters of contoured areas, with altitudes up to 6 meters between the plane and the over-tunnel; - to ensure the multiplicity of features that make the area attractive, in particular by diversifying the types of enjoyment: cultural, leisure and meeting, also in connection with the buildings in the park; - to enhance the botanical characterisation of the park, which in the "Tree Library" suggests a modern interpretation of the botanical garden, emphasising the cultural aspect linked to mythological history and poetic expression (4).

Implementation activities

Trees will be organised in a series of circles, distributed throughout the site, which together form the Library of Trees named after the park. Each tree in the collection is presented in an open or finished circle, each circle named and indicated by the letters written on the paths that cross it. Since each circle is made up of a specific tree, the different species are met in an extraordinarily intensified manner: with the characteristics and qualities multiplied by their number, the trees will wrap the visitor with their smell, color, movement, sound, shape and structure. And their presence will become more intense as time passes. While the trees in most of the forests will be pruned to free their trunk from the lower branches, Circular Forests will make habitable 'living rooms', spaces available to the public. Trees create a roof that offers shade and protection, changing color and mass throughout the year, while the fallen leaves will form an inviting carpet on which to walk. Here you will be able to practice yoga or Tai Chi, rest, read, talk or make a picnic in the shade, organise meetings or seminars during the day, or performances in the cool evening. The park will be a landscaped garden, offering not only a variety of landscape experiences and sensations, but also offers an efficient open air space for leisure, sporting activities and events. The paths, fields and forests of the park form a very varied public space, capable of hosting cultural, commercial and recreational programs: from outdoor pitches or theatres to play areas and sports fields, terraces and lounges and picnic areas, from galleries to art galleries, from concert halls to conference spaces, to ideal environments for those who love plants (6).

Climate-focused activities

Climate change adaptation:

  • Create or improve outdoor spaces to help people escape from urban heat

Biodiversity conservation or restoration-focused activities

Biodiversity conservation:

  • Protect and enhance urban habitats
  • Preserve and strengthen existing habitats and ecosystems
  • Protect species
  • Undertake specific measures to protect species
  • Undertake specific measures to protect native species
  • Undertake specific measures to protect valued species
  • Take measures for ex situ conservation
  • Means for conservation governance
  • Public engagement

Biodiversity restoration:

  • Restore valued species
  • Public engagement

Main beneficiaries

  • Private sector/Corporate/Company
  • Citizens or community groups
  • Marginalized groups: Elderly people, Socio-economically disadvantaged populations (e.g. low-income households, unemployed)
  • Young people and children

Governance

Management set-up

  • Co-governance with government and non-government actors

Type of initiating organisation

  • Local government/municipality

Participatory approaches/ community involvement

  • Taskforce groups

Details on the roles of the organisations involved in the project

The architec studio Outside|Petra Blaisse in Amsterdam has won the project for the realisation of the park, in cooperation with the Giorgetta Studio in Milano (2). The city of Milan has been implementing several NBS to tackle its poor air quality issues, including the Bosco Vertical and the MetroBosco projects, all located in the same area where the Library of Trees will take place, as they are part of a larger intervention to recover the Porta Nuova area (http://www.porta-nuova.com/).

Project implemented in response to ...

... an EU policy or strategy? Unknown
... a national policy or strategy? Unknown
... a local policy or strategy? Unknown

Financing

Total cost

More than €4,000,000

Source(s) of funding

  • Unknown

Type of funding

  • Unknown

Non-financial contribution

Type of non-financial contribution
  • Provision of land
  • Provision of labour
  • Provision of expertise
Who provided the non-financial contribution?
  • Public authorities (e.g. land, utility services)
  • Private sector (businesses, financial institution)

Impacts and Monitoring

Environmental impacts

  • Green space and habitat
  • Increased green space area
  • Increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems
  • Reduced biodiversity loss
  • Increased number of species present
  • Increased spread of native/heirloom/open-pollinated seed
  • Other

Economic impacts

  • Unknown

Socio-cultural impacts

  • Social justice and cohesion
  • Improved access to urban green space
  • Health and wellbeing
  • Improved physical health
  • Gain in activities for recreation and exercise
  • Cultural heritage and sense of place
  • Protection of natural heritage
  • Increased sense of place identity, memory and belonging
  • Education
  • Increased support for education and scientific research

Type of reported impacts

Achieved impacts

Presence of formal monitoring system

Unknown

Presence of indicators used in reporting

No evidence in public records

Presence of monitoring/ evaluation reports

Yes

Availability of a web-based monitoring tool

No evidence in public records

References

https://www.elledecor.com/it/design/a23862795/biblioteca-degli-alberi-milano/
https://www.elledecor.com/it/design/a23862795/biblioteca-degli-alberi-milano/
https://www.elledecor.com/it/design/a23862795/biblioteca-degli-alberi-milano/