Karachi, Pakistan
City population: 17236000
Duration: 2011 – 2012
Implementation status: Completed
Scale: Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Project area: 45000 m2
Type of area: Protected Area
Last updated: June 2024

18 km southwest of Karachi City (Sandspit area), the World Wildlife Fund Wetland Center (an NGO subsidiary of the WWF) started a project in 2011 called Nurturing Young Sapling with a grant from the Mangrove for the Future organization. The project aimed to increase the mangrove forest cover near Karachi as to restore the ecosystem and improve the habitat for local and migratory birds, crabs and other fauna. In this way, the project sought to improve biodiversity and therefore the availability of livelihood resources to the local community, as well as to enable ecotourism. It also focused to enhance the awareness of school children on the importance of a mangrove ecosystem and advocating for its sustainable use (1). The project benefited local fishing communities, school children and their families as well as local and international visitors to the Sandspit area. The project resulted in the mangrove plantation at 4.5 hectares area, the establishment of a mangrove (Avicennia Marina) nursery, the plantation of 5000 mangrove saplings, awareness raising of 200 school children, two-day awareness conference, the celebration of significant environmental days at the Wetland Centre to promote conservation awareness among school children (1, 2, 3). After the successful completion of the project in 2012, WWF Pakistan has been actively involved in the management and plantation of mangroves in the Sandspit area. Multiple campaigns and awareness-raising programs for coastal protection are conducted by WWF in their Sandspit office with multiple partnerships to plant and educate students and communities about the importance of mangrove trees. (5)

Aerial view of the mangrove plantation area
Source: (Ref: 4)

Overview

Nature-based solution

  • Blue infrastructure
  • Coastal wetland, mangroves and salt marshes

Key challenges

  • Climate action for adaptation, resilience and mitigation (SDG 13)
  • Climate change adaptation
  • Climate change mitigation
  • Coastal resilience and marine protection (SDG 14)
  • Coastal protection / hazard mitigation
  • Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
  • Green space creation and/or management
  • Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10)
  • Environmental education

Focus

Creation of new green areas, Coastal landscape management or protection, Knowledge creation and awareness raising

Project objectives

This project aimed to: 1. To restore 4.5 hectares of mangrove forest in the Sandspit area near WWF Wetland Centre aiming to protect the coastal area. 2. To raise awareness among school children on the importance and conservation of the mangrove ecosystems through various interventions. 3. To restore the ecosystem and improve the local habitat for fauna such as migratory birds and crabs, as such helping to improve biodiversity. 4. To add oxygen to the marine ecosystems and prevent land erosion as well as to act as shock absorbers against hurricanes and tsunamis. (1,2)

Implementation activities

Nurturing Young Sapling project was implemented by WWF Pakistan Karachi Office with a grant from Mangrove for the Future. The project was carried out near the WWF Wetland Centre in the Sandspit area, Karachi. The target beneficiaries of the project include local fishing communities, school children and their families as well as local and international visitors to the Sandspit area. The project resulted in the establishment of a mangrove (Avicenna marina) nursery in the area. About 5000 mangrove saplings (Avicenna marina) were planted in the identified area with participation from the school students. Awareness-raising events were conducted which involved 100 school children and 100 university students. World Wetland Day 2012 and World Earth Day 2012 were celebrated at the Wetland Centre in Sandspit with the participation of 212 students. The children presented their views about the environment, wetlands and mangroves through various posters, speeches, tableaus and quiz competitions (1, 2). Students from the Government Boys Secondary School, Government Boys Primary School Younis-Abad, Government Girls Primary School Younis Abad and Kaka Pir Community Schools participated in the competitions. Afterwards, the children moved to an open area after being divided into groups of 10, where they planted 200 saplings of Mangroves (2). A two-day national conference on the mangrove ecosystem of Pakistan was also organized on 8-9 March 2012 by WWF for this regional initiative promoting investments in coastal ecosystems. Senior representatives of the environment sector, and private and public sector shared their views and experiences at the occasion (3). Initially, the implementation of the project was planned for one year but due to the unforeseen political circumstances in Karachi, the timeframe was restricted to eight months which seemed very challenging to complete all the planned activities in a shorter time (1). After completion of the project, WWF Wetland centre continued the conservation, mangrove plantation and awareness raising in students for coastal ecosystem protection. Some of the initiatives in this Sandspit area by WWF include various collaborations starting in 2013 with several stakeholders with a courier service company to highlight the importance of mangrove plantations and raise awareness among coastal communities and other stakeholders. The most recent one was in January 2018, when WWF planted 27,000 saplings in collaboration with Artistic Fabric and Garment Industries (AFGI) Pvt Ltd (5).

Climate-focused activities

Climate change adaptation:

  • Protect coastal and freshwater ecosystems to prevent coastal erosion and pollution

Climate change mitigation:

  • Raise public awareness of behaviours, lifestyle and cultural changes with mitigation potential

Main beneficiaries

  • Researchers/University
  • Citizens or community groups
  • Young people and children

Governance

Management set-up

  • Led by non-government actors

Type of initiating organisation

  • Non-government organisation/civil society

Participatory approaches/ community involvement

  • Dissemination of information and education
  • Joint implementation (e.g. tree planting)

Details on the roles of the organisations involved in the project

The project was implemented by WWF, Karachi which received the grant for the project from the Mangrove for Future organization, a unique partner-led initiative to promote investment in coastal ecosystem conservation for sustainable development (1).

Project implemented in response to ...

... an EU policy or strategy? No
... a national policy or strategy? Yes (The Ramsar Convention of 1971 was mentioned in connection to the project as well as Pakistan: National Strategy and Action Plan for Mangroves for the Future. (2, 6))
... a local policy or strategy? Unknown

Financing

Total cost

Less than €10,000

Source(s) of funding

  • Funds provided by non-governmental organization (NGO)

Type of funding

  • Direct funding (grants, subsidies, or self-financed projects by private entities)

Non-financial contribution

Type of non-financial contribution
  • Provision of land
  • Provision of labour
Who provided the non-financial contribution?
  • Public authorities (e.g. land, utility services)
  • Citizens (e.g. volunteering)

Impacts and Monitoring

Environmental impacts

  • Climate change
  • Increased protection against sea level rise
  • Water management and blue areas
  • Improved water quality
  • Increased protection against flooding
  • Green space and habitat
  • Increased green space area
  • Reduced biodiversity loss
  • Increased number of species present
  • Improved prevention or control of invasive alien species

Economic impacts

  • Unknown

Socio-cultural impacts

  • Social justice and cohesion
  • Improved access to urban green space
  • Education
  • Increased knowledge of locals about local nature

Type of reported impacts

Expected impacts, Achieved impacts

Presence of formal monitoring system

Yes

Presence of indicators used in reporting

Yes

Presence of monitoring/ evaluation reports

No evidence in public records

Availability of a web-based monitoring tool

No evidence in public records

References

WWF Wetland Centre
Source: (Ref: 6)
Children planting mangrove at Sandspit area
Source: (Ref: 1)
Information about this nature-based solution was collected as part of the "NBS 2022" UNA Asian extension project funded by the Asia-Europe Foundation.