Danang, Vietnam
City population: 1134000
Duration: 2021 – 2023
Implementation status: Completed
Scale: Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Project area: unknown
Type of area: Residential
Last updated: April 2023

Danang, a prosperous port city in Central Vietnam, is home to a population of 1.2 million inhabitants. Throughout the years, the city went through several boats of urbanization, which allowed its economy to thrive but its environment to be negatively impacted. The city's green areas were reduced, leading to socioeconomic and environmental impacts, including loss of landscape and more energy consumption. (4) Furthermore, the city became vulnerable to natural disasters, which caused destruction and uprooting of trees and vegetation and aggravated soil erosion. (3,4) To counteract many of these issues, the municipality of Danang initiated several greening activities that included the creation of parks, the greening of street alleys, and the greening of schoolyards as a supporting mechanism for one of Vietnam's nationwide programmes "Plant 1 billion trees in the 2021 - 2025" (5). Recently, the municipality planted 900 Than Mat trees (one of the typical flowering plants of Son Tra Peninsula and scientifically known as Millettia nigrescens Gagnep) along the route from Green Lake to Bai Bac, in the Tho Quang ward, in February 2023. The activity also aims to have an educational role as tree protection is highlighted and build a clean and green city environment (6). So far, as of February 2023, as part of the 1 billion tree programme, 15,000 trees have been planted in Danang. (2)

Danang
https://baodanang.vn/english/society/202302/da-nang-in-active-support-for-national-planting-1-billion-trees-target-3936928/

Overview

Nature-based solution

  • Grey infrastructure featuring greens
  • Alley or street trees and other street vegetation
  • Green playgrounds and school grounds
  • Institutional green space
  • Parks and urban forests
  • Large urban parks or forests
  • Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces

Key challenges

  • Climate action for adaptation, resilience and mitigation (SDG 13)
  • Climate change adaptation
  • Environmental quality
  • Soil quality improvement
  • Air quality improvement
  • Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
  • Green space creation and/or management
  • Water management (SDG 6)
  • Flood protection
  • Inclusive and effective governance (SDG 16)
  • Inclusive governance
  • Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10)
  • Social cohesion
  • Environmental education

Focus

Creation of new green areas

Project objectives

-To promote a socialization model of tree planting involving different community stakeholders that came together to support and protect the environment. -To promote afforestation, ecology and respond to climate change effects by fostering a sustainable and resilient city. -To improve the quality of people's lives and foster the country's sustainable growth. - To address erosion problems and other hazards associated with typhoons and severe storm events by preventing erosion, limiting floods, and keeping the air fresh. -To participate in raising public awareness of planting and protecting trees and improving the living environment of the community (1,2,4)

Implementation activities

The initiative was developed as a mechanism to improve the 1 billion tree program already implemented by Vietnam. In early December 2022, the Son Tra District authorities organised a ceremony at a public park on The Lu Street to launch the planting of more than 30 green trees and mobilise resources from the private sector or so-called ‘socialisation’ in tree planting in parks and stroll gardens in the locality. The ward authorities have also launched the planting of more than 100 canaries, ‘Than Mat’ (scientifically known as Millettia nigrescens Gagnep) and fruit trees in parks, gardens, and cultural houses in the ward. The spring plantings were initiated by the municipality of Danang, with many other stakeholders involved, including business leaders and the general public. The action included planting 900 trees along the route from Green Lake to Bai Bac, Tho Quang ward, with a total length of more than 5km, and it was framed as a tree planting festival. It is known that this is a typical tree of the Son Tra Peninsula, which is nursed by the Son Tra District People's Committee and the Center for Biotechnology from indigenous trees. So far, in Danang in Da Nang, under the 1 billion trees programme, nearly 15,000 trees have been grown at schools and parks, including a public park near the Phuoc Truong Village Communal House based in Phuoc My Ward and the Nai Nghia and Nai Hung 3 parks based in Nai Hien Dong Ward. (1,2,5,6) The implementer followed the socialization model on tree planting, which effectively means that in implementing, there was a collaborative element taken into account, which involved mobilizing resources of different stakeholders such as leaders, officials and employees of the city’s departments, agencies and sectors. (2,5) Additionally, tree planting festivals were initiated and organized every early spring, keeping in mind the local conditions and ensuring that tree planting will contribute significantly to the 1 billion trees programme. (5)

Climate-focused activities

Climate change adaptation:

  • Implement measures that prevent/manage desertification, soil erosion and landslides

Main beneficiaries

  • Local government/Municipality
  • Citizens or community groups
  • Young people and children

Governance

Management set-up

  • Government-led

Type of initiating organisation

  • Local government/municipality

Participatory approaches/ community involvement

  • Consultation (e.g. workshop, surveys, community meetings, town halls)
  • Joint implementation (e.g. tree planting)

Details on the roles of the organisations involved in the project

The intervention is government-led and part of the 1 billion tree planting programme of the Communist Republic of Vietnam. For some of the interventions, the municipality of Danang involved other stakeholders such as business leaders, citizens, other individuals and organisations in providing help with tree planting and directed localities to monitor the situation of tree development. (2,6)

Project implemented in response to ...

... an EU policy or strategy? No
... a national policy or strategy? Yes (ICM Coastal Strategy was mentioned. (4) Directive No.03/CT-TTg (2,4))
... a local policy or strategy? Yes (The Master Plan on Socioeconomic Development of Da Nang City Towards 2020 calls for the expansion of the urban green space, which requires the planting of trees and other plants in parks, sidewalks, schoolyards, and playgrounds, including residential areas and industrial parks. (4))

Financing

Total cost

More than €4,000,000

Source(s) of funding

  • Public national budget
  • Corporate investment
  • Private funding by citizens

Type of funding

  • Earmarked public budget
  • Direct funding (grants, subsidies, or self-financed projects by private entities)
  • Donations

Non-financial contribution

Type of non-financial contribution
  • Provision of land
  • Provision of labour
Who provided the non-financial contribution?
  • Public authorities (e.g. land, utility services)
  • Citizens (e.g. volunteering)
  • Private sector (businesses, financial institution)

Impacts and Monitoring

Environmental impacts

  • Environmental quality
  • Improved air quality
  • Water management and blue areas
  • Increased protection against flooding
  • Green space and habitat
  • Promotion of naturalistic styles of landscape design for urban development
  • Increased green space area
  • Increase in protected green space areas
  • Increased number of protection areas
  • Increased number of species present

Economic impacts

  • Unknown

Socio-cultural impacts

  • Social justice and cohesion
  • Improved liveability
  • Improved access to urban green space
  • Increased involvement of locals in the management of green spaces
  • Education
  • Increased support for education and scientific research
  • Increased knowledge of locals about local nature

Type of reported impacts

Expected impacts, Achieved impacts

Presence of formal monitoring system

Yes

Presence of indicators used in reporting

Yes

Presence of monitoring/ evaluation reports

No evidence in public records

Availability of a web-based monitoring tool

No evidence in public records

References

Danang
https://en.dangcongsan.vn/vietnam-today/da-nang-plants-900-than-mat-trees-along-road-to-son-tra-peninsula-603022.html
Danang
https://baodanang.vn/english/politics/202302/da-nang-launches-lunar-new-year-tree-planting-festival-2023-3937887/
Danang
https://baodanang.vn/english/politics/202302/da-nang-launches-lunar-new-year-tree-planting-festival-2023-3937887/
Information about this nature-based solution was collected as part of the "NBS 2022" UNA Asian extension project funded by the Asia-Europe Foundation.