Last updated: January 2022
Campinas is a fast-growing city and like many cities in Brazil, it confronts itself with many climatic incidents linked to a hotter and drier climate. In Campinas, in spite of the good performance of the city and the region in economic areas, there is a historical lack of urban landscape planning that integrates adequate social housing and areas that should be protected, such as riparian corridors, ecosystem remnants and other relevant green areas that offer ecosystem services in the urbanised context. Campinas has developed plans, projects and programmes to tackle regional, municipal and local issues related to environmental quality and offer green areas to the least privileged residents. Ecological corridors are being designed to connect forested fragments and/or relevant ecological areas to enable the genetic flow. The municipal green plan adopted the concept of a connectivity line to promote ecological corridors. (1,2)
Intervention 2
https://connectingnature.eu/oppla-case-study/20065
Overview
Nature-based solution
- Grey infrastructure featuring greens
- Alley or street trees and other street vegetation
- Blue infrastructure
- Riverbank/Lakeside greens
- Parks and urban forests
- Large urban parks or forests
- Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces
- Green corridors and green belts
Key challenges
- Climate action for adaptation, resilience and mitigation (SDG 13)
- Climate change adaptation
- Water management (SDG 6)
- Flood protection
- Improvements to water quality
- Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
- Habitat and biodiversity restoration
- Green space creation and/or management
- Environmental quality
- Soil quality improvement
- Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10)
- Environmental education
- Health and well-being (SDG 3)
- Enabling opportunities for physical activity
- Creation of opportunities for recreation
Focus
Creation of new green areas, Ecological restoration of ecosystems, Knowledge creation and awareness raising
Project objectives
Most of the ecosystems of Campinas have been lost to urbanisation, and those that remain are disconnected fragments with impacts on essential functions that provide multiple ecosystem services. The overall aims of the intervention are:
1. To restore the ecosystem remnants and improve connectivity - Connectivity areas have been defined in the whole metropolitan region aiming to guarantee the connection among forested natural fragments and Protected Areas and the protection of watercourses, enhancing the quantity and quality of water.
2. To enhance biodiversity
3. To increase and protect water sources
4. To educate on and raise awareness about the environment - develop and equalise knowledge among public servants in the environmental departments of all municipalities of the metropolitan region
5. To offer green areas for recreation and physical activities and healthier and safer spaces for residents who live in the less privileged areas
6. To reduce risks of floods and control erosion
7. To look for ways to make residents the owners of these spaces, incentivizing them to use and protect them more.
8. To begin the recovery of riparian vegetation and the creation of linear parks in the municipality.(1,2,3)
Implementation activities
The municipal green plan proposes 49 linear parks, from which some will be implemented through compensation instruments by the landowners. Two parks, Taubaté and Santa Lúcia are being implemented by the municipality with funds from a federal government programme to accelerate growth (Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento). Forty-three parks are in the final phase of the preliminary study, financed by the municipal fund for the environment. When planning the implementation of an ecological corridor through forest restoration, it is necessary to consider the most relevant forest remnants and potential obstacles to their connection: urban areas, rural properties and the activities developed in them. On the other hand, it is necessary to measure the benefits that the restoration of these areas could generate - such as reducing water treatment expenses throughout the region or with avoided floods. (2,3)
Biodiversity conservation or restoration-focused activities
Biodiversity restoration:
- Restore species (native, endangered, or unspecified)
- Clear and control invasive alien species
- Restore ecological connectivity
- Public engagement
Main beneficiaries
- Local government/Municipality
- Citizens or community groups
- Marginalized groups: Socio-economically disadvantaged populations (e.g. low-income households, unemployed)
- Young people and children
Governance
Management set-up
- Co-governance with government and non-government actors
Type of initiating organisation
- National government
- Local government/municipality
Participatory approaches/ community involvement
- Dissemination of information and education
- Consultation (e.g. workshop, surveys, community meetings, town halls)
Details on the roles of the organisations involved in the project
For the ecological corridors in the municipality of Campinas the stakeholders are the Secretary of Green, Environment and Sustainable Development(SecretariadoVerde, Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável). This same secretary is involved in the municipal green plan, together with the José Pedro de Oliveira Foundation. Finally, the linear parks were designed by the School of Architecture of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas. (2)
For the inter-municipal Reconecta RMC these stakeholders are the Campinas Metropolitan Region Agency, Agemcamp, the PCJ Watershed Agency (Agência das Bacias PCJ), the José Pedro de Oliveira Foundation, the ICLEI — Local governments for sustainability, the Public Ministry of the State of São Paulo — the environmental defence group (Gaema) and the Environmental Council of the State of São Paulo. (1)
Project implemented in response to ...
... an EU policy or strategy?
No
... a national policy or strategy?
Yes
(The intervention mentions the Estratégia e Plano de Ação Nacional de Biodiversidade [National Strategy and Plan for Biodiversity] and the Plano Nacional de Adaptação às Mudanças do Clima [National Plan for Adapting to Climate Change](6))
... a local policy or strategy?
Yes
(This Program was developed under the Municipal Green Plan (Municipal Decree No. 19,167/16) which established the Connectivity Line and its Area of Influence as a way to connect green areas of predominantly ecological function, maintaining or restoring landscape connectivity and facilitating genetic flow between populations through alternatives for the development of practices of little impact in the interstice areas of the connectivity line.Tthe PMV will seek to consolidate the conservation and recovery actions of the Green Areas of Campinas, determining programs that ensure the basic functions of these areas and benefit the entire population of Campinas. (1,2))
Financing
Total cost
More than €4,000,000
Source(s) of funding
- Public local authority budget
Type of funding
- Earmarked public budget
Non-financial contribution
Type of non-financial contribution
- Provision of land
- Provision of expertise
Who provided the non-financial contribution?
- Public authorities (e.g. land, utility services)
- Citizens (e.g. volunteering)
Impacts and Monitoring
Environmental impacts
- Green space and habitat
- Increased green space area
- Reduced biodiversity loss
- Increased number of species present
Economic impacts
- Unknown
Socio-cultural impacts
- Education
- Increased support for education and scientific research
Type of reported impacts
Expected impacts
Presence of formal monitoring system
Yes
Presence of indicators used in reporting
Yes
Presence of monitoring/ evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
References
1. Connecting Nature (no date), Campinas: ecological strategic plans for biodiversity and water protection, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
2. Prefeitura de Campinas, Corredores Ecológicos, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
3. WRI Brasil (2021), Novo plano de ação da região metropolitana de Campinas conecta restauração e biodiversidade, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
4. Prefeitura Municipal de Campinas (2017), Prefeitura cria corredor ecológico para conectar Mata de Santa Genebra, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
5. Prefeitura Municipal de Campinas (2021), Prefeitura e Câmara detalham implementação dos corredores ecológicos, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
6. Prefeitura Municipal de Campinas (2019), Programa ambiental Reconecta RMC é citado em estudo da União Europeia, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
7. Prefeitura Municipal de Campinas (2018), Técnicos da Secretaria do Verde participam de treinamento para Datageo, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
2. Prefeitura de Campinas, Corredores Ecológicos, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
3. WRI Brasil (2021), Novo plano de ação da região metropolitana de Campinas conecta restauração e biodiversidade, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
4. Prefeitura Municipal de Campinas (2017), Prefeitura cria corredor ecológico para conectar Mata de Santa Genebra, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
5. Prefeitura Municipal de Campinas (2021), Prefeitura e Câmara detalham implementação dos corredores ecológicos, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
6. Prefeitura Municipal de Campinas (2019), Programa ambiental Reconecta RMC é citado em estudo da União Europeia, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
7. Prefeitura Municipal de Campinas (2018), Técnicos da Secretaria do Verde participam de treinamento para Datageo, available at Source link (accessed 8-11-2021)
Intervention 1
https://connectingnature.eu/oppla-case-study/20065
Map
https://connectingnature.eu/oppla-case-study/20065
Information about this nature-based solution was collected as part of the UNA global extension project funded by the British Academy.