Last updated: November 2021
The Natural Park of Collserola (about 8,000 ha) is a forested area in the hilly Northern fringes of Barcelona. Since 1987, Collserola has been managed under a special protection plan and forms part of the European FEDENATUR network that aims at protected fragile peri-urban ecosystem for both their social and ecological functions. The park is jointly managed by a consortium including the Catalan government (Generalitat de Catalunya), the Barcelona Provincial Council (Diputació de Barcelona), the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (AMB) as well as all adjacent municipalities (Ref 1).
Parc de Collserola
https://www.elllobregat.com/noticia/18583/baix-llobregat/el-parc-de-collserola-ganara-700-hectareas-verdes-y-recortara-400-de-infraestructuras-y-equipamientos.html
Overview
Nature-based solution
- Grey infrastructure featuring greens
- Other
- Parks and urban forests
- Large urban parks or forests
Key challenges
- Climate action for adaptation, resilience and mitigation (SDG 13)
- Climate change adaptation
- Climate change mitigation
- Water management (SDG 6)
- Flood protection
- Improvements to water quality
- Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
- Habitat and biodiversity restoration
- Habitat and biodiversity conservation
- Green space creation and/or management
- Environmental quality
- Noise reduction
- Regeneration, land-use and urban development
- Promotion of naturalistic urban landscape design
- Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10)
- Social interaction
- Environmental education
- Health and well-being (SDG 3)
- Enabling physical activity
- Creation of opportunities for relaxation and recreation
- Economic development and employment (SDG 8)
- Tourism support
- Cultural heritage and cultural diversity
- Preservation of natural heritage
Focus
Maintenance and management of urban nature, Ecological restoration of degraded ecosystems, Protection of natural ecosystems
Project objectives
The intervention ultimate goal is to promote the respectful and sustainable use of this space, while preserving its natural values (Ref 1).
- Enhancing sustainable urbanisation
- Restoring ecosystems and their functions
- Developing climate change mitigation
- Developing climate change adaptation; Improving risk management and resilience (Ref. 6)
- Preserve the biodiversity of the great metropolitan green lung and promote services that are aimed at leisure for citizens (Ref. 10)
Implementation activities
- protection of this fragile peri-urban ecosystem for both their social and ecological functions (Ref 1,6)
-Each year different targets are set, involving different kinds of implementation activities, focusing on habitat protection, environmental education, website handling, publications, information spreading and general administration of the park. Each annual report has extensive descriptions of these activities (http://www.parcnaturalcollserola.cat/pages/memories). Many work meetings have been attended to continue analyzing the various problems that affect the strategic lines of the new one special plan, such as: hunting, definition of the area functional, uses and activities, equipment for the leisure, catalog of buildings and heritage, economic study of the plan, ecosystem services, studies of biodiversity, etc. (Ref 5)
- a self-sufficient habitat research centre created. Located in the Collserola Natural Park, in the heart of the metropolitan area of Barcelona, it has laboratories for the production of energy, food and things, and develops projects and academic programmes in association with leading research centres around the world. As part of IaaC’s commitment to promoting and advancing habitability in the world on the basis of ecological principles and to making the fullest use of all available technologies and resources, we have created a research centre focused on the idea of self-sufficiency, with a view to providing a worldwide point of reference. Valldaura Labs is an opportunity to learn directly from nature in order to bring that understanding to the regeneration of 21st-century cities (http://valldaura.net/).
-specific species planted: holm oaks are still the most typical tree found in the Collserola range. Near the holm oaks (Quercus ilex) and English oaks (Quercus robur) there are field and Montpellier maples (Acer campestre and Acer monspessulanum), and large stretches of riverbank woodland alongside the gullies and fast-flowing streams, with a lots of white poplars (Populus alba), black poplars (Populus nigra) and narrow-leaved ash trees (Fraxinus angustifolia). The fruit trees include hazel (Corylus avellana), pomegranate (Punica granatum) and wild cherry (Prunus avium). You can also find Chinese weeping willows (Salix alba) and elms (Ulmus pumila). Shrubs there include chaste trees (Vitex agnus-castus), common hawthorns (Crataegus monogyna), strawberry trees (Arbutus unedo), laurustinuses (Viburnum tinus), Mediterranean buckthorns (Rhamnus alaternus), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) and ivy (Hedera helix). (Ref. 2)
Climate-focused activities
Climate change adaptation:
- Increase or improve urban vegetation cover to help reduce outdoor temperature
Climate change mitigation:
- Increase green urban nature for carbon storage (wetlands, tree cover)
Biodiversity conservation or restoration-focused activities
Biodiversity conservation:
- Protect and enhance urban habitats
- Preserve and strengthen existing habitats and ecosystems
- Promote environmentally-sound development in and around protected areas
- Preserve and strengthen habitat connectivity
- Reduce negative impacts and avoid the alteration/damage of ecosystem
- Protect species
- Undertake specific measures to protect species
- Undertake specific measures to protect valued species
- Means for conservation governance
- Manage biological resources for conservation and sustainable use
- Raise public awareness
- Public engagement
- Create and use scientific knowledge for conservation
Biodiversity restoration:
- Rehabilitate and restore damaged or destroyed ecosystems
- Restore species (native, endangered, or unspecified)
- Restore ecological connectivity
Main beneficiaries
- Local government/Municipality
- Citizens or community groups
Governance
Management set-up
- Government-led
Type of initiating organisation
- Local government/municipality
Participatory approaches/ community involvement
- Dissemination of information and education
- Consultation (e.g. workshop, surveys)
- Co-management/Joint management
Details on the roles of the organisations involved in the project
The Parc Consortium is in charge of managing and preserving the park. The Consortium of the Serra de Collserola Natural Park is a public entity with an organizational and local nature whose purpose is the management and development of the Special Plan for the Ordering and Protection of the Natural Environment of the Parc de Collserola. It is made up of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona, the Diputació de Barcelona and the nine municipalities with territory in the Park: El Papiol, Molins de Rei, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Sant Just Desvern, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Montcada i Reixac, Cerdanyola Del Vallès and Sant Cugat del Vallès. The two first administrations provide the annual budget that allows to develop the program of actions (Ref 1).
Project implemented in response to ...
... an EU policy or strategy?
Yes
(Directive 92/43 / EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora provides for the creation of a European ecological network of special areas of conservation: the Natura 2000 network. In this sense, the Agreement of the Government of the Generalitat de Catalunya of September 5, 2006, which approves the proposal of places of community importance (SCI) includes the Serra de Collserola, which corresponds to the totality of the " Space included in the Plan of Areas of Natural Interest" (Ref 1).)
... a national policy or strategy?
Unknown
... a local policy or strategy?
Yes
(This territory has been managed since 1987, within the framework of a special Protection Plan and, as from 2010, it has been consolidated and consolidated its environmental dimension with the declaration of the Natural Park.
The legal framework of the park includes:
- the Special Plan for the Protection and Environment of the Parc de Collserola (PEPCo) - 1987;
- The Plan of Spaces of Natural Interest (PEIN), approved by Decree 328/1992, of December 14, of the Generalitat de Catalunya, develops the prevision of chapter III of the Law 12/1985, of June 13, of 'Natural spaces'
- With the declaration, in 2010, of the Natural Park (decree 146/2010 of October 19), it is necessary to draft a new Special Plan, which replaces the still existing Special Plan for the Regulation and Protection of the Collserola Park Natural Environment (PEPCo ) in 1987 (Ref 1).)
Financing
Total cost
More than €4,000,000
Source(s) of funding
- Public local authority budget
Type of funding
- Earmarked public budget
- Direct funding or subsidy
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Impacts and Monitoring
Environmental impacts
- Climate, energy and emissions
- Lowered local temperature
- Reduced emissions
- Strengthened capacity to address climate hazards/natural disasters
- Enhanced carbon sequestration
- Environmental quality
- Improved air quality
- Reduced noise exposure
- Improved protection against strong wind
- Improved soil quality
- Water management and blue areas
- Improved water quality
- Increased protection against flooding
- Reduced risk of damages by drought
- Green space and habitat
- Promotion of naturalistic styles of landscape design for urban development
- Increased number of protection areas
- Increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems
- Increase in protected green space areas
- Increased conversion of degraded land or soil
- Reduced biodiversity loss
- Increased number of species present
- Increased protection of threatened species
- Enhanced support of pollination
- Increased spread of native/heirloom/open-pollinated seed
- Increased ecological connectivity across regeneration sites and scales
- Other
Economic impacts
- Increase in agricultural production (for profit or not)
- Generation of income from NBS
- Increased market share for green economies
Socio-cultural impacts
- Social justice and cohesion
- Improved access to urban green space
- Increased opportunities for social interaction
- Increased access to healthy/affordable food
- Health and wellbeing
- Improved physical health
- Improved mental health
- Gain in activities for recreation and exercise
- Cultural heritage and sense of place
- Improvement in people’s connection to nature
- Protection of natural heritage
- Preserved spiritual and religious values
- Increased sense of place identity, memory and belonging
- Increased awareness of flora and fauna as culturally and historically meaningful
- Increased appreciation for natural spaces
- Education
- Increased support for education and scientific research
- Increased knowledge of locals about local nature
- Increased awareness of NBS and their benefits
- Other
Type of reported impacts
Expected impacts
Presence of formal monitoring system
Yes
Presence of indicators used in reporting
Yes
Presence of monitoring/ evaluation reports
Yes
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
Yes
References
1. Parc de Collserola (no date). "Funciones y Beneficios Parque Natural". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
2. Ajuntament de Barcelona (no date). Parc de Collserola. Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
3. Diputació Barcelona (no date). Natural Park of the Serra de Collserola. Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
4. Diputació Barcelona (no date). Aids and Subsidies. Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
5. Parc de Collserola (no date). "Memoria Gestio 2015". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
6. OPPLA (no date). Barcelona: Nature-based Solutions (NBS) Enhancing Resilience to Climate Change: Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
7. Anon. (no date). "Parque de Collserola". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
8. Cerrillo, A. (2019). "Collserola: una joya natural en una trastienda desordenada". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
9. Márquez-Daniel, C. (2020). "Collserola saca partido de la tregua humana". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
10. Adell, X. (2020). "El Parc de Collserola ganará 700 hectáreas verdes y recortará 400 de infraestructuras y equipamientos". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
2. Ajuntament de Barcelona (no date). Parc de Collserola. Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
3. Diputació Barcelona (no date). Natural Park of the Serra de Collserola. Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
4. Diputació Barcelona (no date). Aids and Subsidies. Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
5. Parc de Collserola (no date). "Memoria Gestio 2015". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
6. OPPLA (no date). Barcelona: Nature-based Solutions (NBS) Enhancing Resilience to Climate Change: Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
7. Anon. (no date). "Parque de Collserola". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
8. Cerrillo, A. (2019). "Collserola: una joya natural en una trastienda desordenada". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
9. Márquez-Daniel, C. (2020). "Collserola saca partido de la tregua humana". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
10. Adell, X. (2020). "El Parc de Collserola ganará 700 hectáreas verdes y recortará 400 de infraestructuras y equipamientos". Available at: Source link (Accessed: July 29, 2020)
Parc de Collserola
https://www.barcelona.cat/es/que-hacer-en-bcn/parques-y-jardines/parque-de-collserola_92086038562.html